Optimization & Performance

Performance Targets

FRAME BUDGETS:
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  TARGET FPS │ FRAME TIME │ PLATFORM                        │
├─────────────┼────────────┼─────────────────────────────────┤
│  30 FPS     │ 33.3 ms    │ Console (heavy games)           │
│  60 FPS     │ 16.6 ms    │ PC, Console, Mobile             │
│  90 FPS     │ 11.1 ms    │ VR (minimum)                    │
│  120 FPS    │ 8.3 ms     │ Competitive games               │
│  144+ FPS   │ 6.9 ms     │ High-end PC                     │
└─────────────┴────────────┴─────────────────────────────────┘

FRAME TIME BREAKDOWN (16.6ms target):
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  CPU: 8ms                                                    │
│  ├─ Game Logic:    3ms                                      │
│  ├─ Physics:       2ms                                      │
│  ├─ Animation:     1.5ms                                    │
│  └─ Audio/Other:   1.5ms                                    │
│                                                              │
│  GPU: 8ms                                                    │
│  ├─ Geometry:      2ms                                      │
│  ├─ Lighting:      3ms                                      │
│  ├─ Post-process:  2ms                                      │
│  └─ UI:            1ms                                      │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Profiling Process

OPTIMIZATION WORKFLOW:
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  1. MEASURE: Profile before optimizing                      │
│     → Never guess, always profile                          │
│                                                              │
│  2. IDENTIFY: Find the bottleneck                           │
│     → CPU-bound: Frame time > GPU time                     │
│     → GPU-bound: GPU time > CPU time                       │
│                                                              │
│  3. ANALYZE: Drill into specific systems                    │
│     → Which function? Which shader? Which asset?           │
│                                                              │
│  4. OPTIMIZE: Fix the actual bottleneck                     │
│     → One change at a time                                 │
│     → Measure before/after                                  │
│                                                              │
│  5. VERIFY: Confirm improvement                             │
│     → Check all platforms                                   │
│     → Test edge cases                                       │
│                                                              │
│  6. REPEAT: Move to next bottleneck                         │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

CPU Optimization

CPU OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES:
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  ALGORITHMIC:                                                │
│  • Use appropriate data structures (spatial hashing)       │
│  • Early-out conditions                                     │
│  • Reduce O(n²) to O(n log n)                              │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  CACHE:                                                      │
│  • Data-oriented design (SoA vs AoS)                       │
│  • Minimize cache misses                                    │
│  • Process data linearly                                    │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  ALLOCATION:                                                 │
│  • Object pooling                                           │
│  • Avoid GC in hot paths                                    │
│  • Pre-allocate collections                                 │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  THREADING:                                                  │
│  • Offload work to job system                              │
│  • Async loading                                            │
│  • Parallel processing                                      │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

GPU Optimization

GPU OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES:
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  DRAW CALLS:                                                 │
│  • Static/dynamic batching                                  │
│  • GPU instancing                                           │
│  • Merge meshes                                             │
│  Target: <2000 on PC, <200 on mobile                        │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  OVERDRAW:                                                   │
│  • Front-to-back rendering                                  │
│  • Occlusion culling                         

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